What are the Names of the Twelve Apostles?
- Simon: called Peter (Greek petros, petra; Aram. k?f; Engl. rock) by Jesus, also known as Simon bar Jonah and Simon bar Jochanan (Aram.) and earlier (Pauline Epistles were written first) Cephas (Aramaic) by Paul of Tarsus and Simon Peter, a fisherman from Bethsaida "of Galilee" (John 1:44; cf. 12:21)
 - Andrew: brother of Peter, a Bethsaida fisherman and disciple of John the Baptist, and also the First-Called Apostle
 - James: ("the Great") and
 - John: sons of Zebedee, called by Jesus Boanerges (an Aramaic name explained in Mk 3:17 as "Sons of Thunder")
 - Philip: from Bethsaida "of Galilee" (John 1:44, 12:21)
 - Bartholomew: in Aramaic "bar-Talemai?", "son of Talemai" or from Ptolemais (Also called Nathaniel)
 - Thomas: also known as Judas Thomas Didymus - Aramaic T'oma' = twin, and Greek Didymous = twin
 - James: ("the Less"), son of Alphaeus
 - Matthew: the tax collector, sometimes identified with Levi son of Alphaeus
 - Simon the Canaanite: called in Luke and Acts "Simon the Zealot"
 - Judas Iscariot: the name Iscariot may refer to the Judaean towns of Kerioth or to the sicarii (Jewish nationalist insurrectionists), or to Issachar; he was replaced as an apostle in Acts by Matthias
 
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